How to join a stream and a lookup table using Confluent

Write the cluster information into a local file

From the Confluent Cloud Console, navigate to your Kafka cluster and then select Clients in the lefthand navigation. From the Clients view, create a new client and click Java to get the connection information customized to your cluster.

Create new credentials for your Kafka cluster and Schema Registry, writing in appropriate descriptions so that the keys are easy to find and delete later. The Confluent Cloud Console will show a configuration similar to below with your new credentials automatically populated (make sure Show API keys is checked). Copy and paste it into a configuration/ccloud.properties file on your machine.

# Required connection configs for Kafka producer, consumer, and admin
bootstrap.servers={{ BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS }}
security.protocol=SASL_SSL
sasl.jaas.config=org.apache.kafka.common.security.plain.PlainLoginModule required username='{{ CLUSTER_API_KEY }}' password='{{ CLUSTER_API_SECRET }}';
sasl.mechanism=PLAIN
# Required for correctness in Apache Kafka clients prior to 2.6
client.dns.lookup=use_all_dns_ips

# Best practice for Kafka producer to prevent data loss
acks=all

# Required connection configs for Confluent Cloud Schema Registry
schema.registry.url={{ SR_URL }}
basic.auth.credentials.source=USER_INFO
basic.auth.user.info={{ SR_API_KEY }}:{{ SR_API_SECRET }}

Do not directly copy and paste the above configuration. You must copy it from the Confluent Cloud Console so that it includes your Confluent Cloud information and credentials.

Download and setup the Confluent CLI

This tutorial has some steps for Kafka topic management and/or reading from or writing to Kafka topics, for which you can use the Confluent Cloud Console or install the Confluent CLI. Instructions for installing Confluent CLI and configuring it to your Confluent Cloud environment is available from within the Confluent Cloud Console: navigate to your Kafka cluster, click on the CLI and tools link, and run through the steps in the Confluent CLI tab.

Configure the project

Create the following Gradle build file, named build.gradle for the project:

buildscript {
  repositories {
    mavenCentral()
  }
  dependencies {
    classpath 'gradle.plugin.com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins:shadow:7.0.0'
  }
}

plugins {
  id 'java'
  id 'com.google.cloud.tools.jib' version '3.3.1'
  id "com.github.davidmc24.gradle.plugin.avro" version "1.7.0"
}

sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
version = '0.0.1'

repositories {
  mavenCentral()

  maven {
    url 'https://packages.confluent.io/maven'
  }
}

apply plugin: 'com.github.johnrengelman.shadow'

dependencies {
  implementation 'org.apache.avro:avro:1.11.1'
  implementation 'org.slf4j:slf4j-simple:2.0.7'
  implementation 'org.apache.kafka:kafka-streams:3.4.0'
    implementation ('org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients') {
       version {
           strictly '3.4.0'
        }
      }
  implementation 'io.confluent:kafka-streams-avro-serde:7.3.0'
  testImplementation 'org.apache.kafka:kafka-streams-test-utils:3.4.0'
  testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
}

test {
  testLogging {
    outputs.upToDateWhen { false }
    showStandardStreams = true
    exceptionFormat = 'full'
  }
}

task run(type: JavaExec) {
  mainClass = 'io.confluent.developer.JoinStreamToTable'
  classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
  args = ['configuration/dev.properties']
}

jar {
  manifest {
    attributes(
        'Class-Path': configurations.compileClasspath.collect { it.getName() }.join(' '),
        'Main-Class': 'io.confluent.developer.JoinStreamToTable'
    )
  }
}

shadowJar {
  archiveBaseName = "kstreams-stream-table-join-standalone"
  archiveClassifier = ''
}

And be sure to run the following command to obtain the Gradle wrapper:

gradle wrapper

Then create a development configuration file at configuration/dev.properties:

application.id=joining-app
replication.factor=3

movie.topic.name=movies
movie.topic.partitions=6
movie.topic.replication.factor=3

rekeyed.movie.topic.name=rekeyed-movies
rekeyed.movie.topic.partitions=6
rekeyed.movie.topic.replication.factor=3

rating.topic.name=ratings
rating.topic.partitions=6
rating.topic.replication.factor=3

rated.movies.topic.name=rated-movies
rated.movies.topic.partitions=6
rated.movies.topic.replication.factor=3

Update the properties file with Confluent Cloud information

Using the command below, append the contents of configuration/ccloud.properties (with your Confluent Cloud configuration) to configuration/dev.properties (with the application properties).

cat configuration/ccloud.properties >> configuration/dev.properties

Create a schema for the events

This tutorial uses three streams: one called movies that holds movie reference data, one called ratings that holds a stream of inbound movie ratings, and one called rated-movies that holds the result of the join between ratings and movies. Let’s create schemas for all three.

Create a directory for the schemas that represent the events in the stream:

mkdir -p src/main/avro

Then create the following Avro schema file at src/main/avro/movie.avsc for the movies lookup table:

{
  "namespace": "io.confluent.developer.avro",
  "type": "record",
  "name": "Movie",
  "fields": [
    {"name": "id", "type": "long"},
    {"name": "title", "type": "string"},
    {"name": "release_year", "type": "int"}
  ]
}

Next, create another Avro schema file at src/main/avro/rating.avsc for the stream of ratings:

{
  "namespace": "io.confluent.developer.avro",
  "type": "record",
  "name": "Rating",
  "fields": [
    {"name": "id", "type": "long"},
    {"name": "rating", "type": "double"}
  ]
}

And finally, create another Avro schema file at src/main/avro/rated-movie.avsc for the result of the join:

{
  "namespace": "io.confluent.developer.avro",
  "type": "record",
  "name": "RatedMovie",
  "fields": [
    {"name": "id", "type": "long"},
    {"name": "title", "type": "string"},
    {"name": "release_year", "type": "int"},
    {"name": "rating", "type": "double"}
  ]
}

Because we will use this Avro schema in our Java code, we’ll need to compile it. The Gradle Avro plugin is a part of the build, so it will see your new Avro files, generate Java code for them, and compile those and all other Java sources. Run this command to get it all done:

./gradlew build

Create the Kafka Streams topology

Create a directory for the Java files in this project:

mkdir -p src/main/java/io/confluent/developer

Then create the following file at src/main/java/io/confluent/developer/JoinStreamToTable.java. Let’s take a close look at the buildTopology() method, which uses the Kafka Streams DSL.

The first thing the method does is create an instance of StreamsBuilder, which is the helper object that lets us build our topology. With our builder in hand, there are three things we need to do. First, we call the stream() method to create a KStream<String, Movie> object. The problem is that we can’t make any assumptions about the key of this stream, so we have to repartition it explicitly. We use the map() method for that, creating a new KeyValue instance for each record, using the movie ID as the new key.

The movies start their life in a stream, but fundamentally, movies are entities that belong in a table. To turn them into a table, we first emit the rekeyed stream to a Kafka topic using the to() method. We can then use the builder.table() method to create a KTable<String,Movie>. We have successfully turned a topic full of movie entities into a scalable, key-addressable table of Movie objects. With that, we’re ready to move on to ratings.

Creating the KStream<String,Rating> of ratings looks just like our first step with the movies: we create a stream from the topic, then repartition it with the map() method. Note that we must choose the same key—movie ID—for our join to work.

With the ratings stream and the movie table in hand, all that remains is to join them using the join() method. It’s a wonderfully simply one-liner, but we have concealed a bit of complexity in the form of the MovieRatingJoiner class. More on that in a moment.

package io.confluent.developer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.AdminClient;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.NewTopic;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serdes;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.KafkaStreams;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.KeyValue;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.StreamsBuilder;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.StreamsConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.Topology;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.KStream;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.KTable;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.Produced;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.time.Duration;

import io.confluent.developer.avro.Movie;
import io.confluent.developer.avro.RatedMovie;
import io.confluent.developer.avro.Rating;
import io.confluent.kafka.streams.serdes.avro.SpecificAvroSerde;

import static io.confluent.kafka.serializers.AbstractKafkaSchemaSerDeConfig.SCHEMA_REGISTRY_URL_CONFIG;

public class JoinStreamToTable {

    public Topology buildTopology(Properties allProps) {
        final StreamsBuilder builder = new StreamsBuilder();
        final String movieTopic = allProps.getProperty("movie.topic.name");
        final String rekeyedMovieTopic = allProps.getProperty("rekeyed.movie.topic.name");
        final String ratingTopic = allProps.getProperty("rating.topic.name");
        final String ratedMoviesTopic = allProps.getProperty("rated.movies.topic.name");
        final MovieRatingJoiner joiner = new MovieRatingJoiner();

        KStream<String, Movie> movieStream = builder.<String, Movie>stream(movieTopic)
                .map((key, movie) -> new KeyValue<>(String.valueOf(movie.getId()), movie));

        movieStream.to(rekeyedMovieTopic);

        KTable<String, Movie> movies = builder.table(rekeyedMovieTopic);

        KStream<String, Rating> ratings = builder.<String, Rating>stream(ratingTopic)
                .map((key, rating) -> new KeyValue<>(String.valueOf(rating.getId()), rating));

        KStream<String, RatedMovie> ratedMovie = ratings.join(movies, joiner);

        ratedMovie.to(ratedMoviesTopic, Produced.with(Serdes.String(), ratedMovieAvroSerde(allProps)));

        return builder.build();
    }

    private SpecificAvroSerde<RatedMovie> ratedMovieAvroSerde(Properties allProps) {
        SpecificAvroSerde<RatedMovie> movieAvroSerde = new SpecificAvroSerde<>();
        movieAvroSerde.configure((Map)allProps, false);
        return movieAvroSerde;
    }

    public void createTopics(Properties allProps) {
        AdminClient client = AdminClient.create(allProps);
        List<NewTopic> topics = new ArrayList<>();
        topics.add(new NewTopic(
                allProps.getProperty("movie.topic.name"),
                Integer.parseInt(allProps.getProperty("movie.topic.partitions")),
                Short.parseShort(allProps.getProperty("movie.topic.replication.factor"))));

        topics.add(new NewTopic(
                allProps.getProperty("rekeyed.movie.topic.name"),
                Integer.parseInt(allProps.getProperty("rekeyed.movie.topic.partitions")),
                Short.parseShort(allProps.getProperty("rekeyed.movie.topic.replication.factor"))));

        topics.add(new NewTopic(
                allProps.getProperty("rating.topic.name"),
                Integer.parseInt(allProps.getProperty("rating.topic.partitions")),
                Short.parseShort(allProps.getProperty("rating.topic.replication.factor"))));

        topics.add(new NewTopic(
                allProps.getProperty("rated.movies.topic.name"),
                Integer.parseInt(allProps.getProperty("rated.movies.topic.partitions")),
                Short.parseShort(allProps.getProperty("rated.movies.topic.replication.factor"))));

        client.createTopics(topics);
        client.close();
    }

    public Properties loadEnvProperties(String fileName) throws IOException {
        Properties allProps = new Properties();
        FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(fileName);
        allProps.load(input);
        input.close();

        return allProps;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        if (args.length < 1) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("This program takes one argument: the path to an environment configuration file.");
        }

        JoinStreamToTable ts = new JoinStreamToTable();
        Properties allProps = ts.loadEnvProperties(args[0]);
        allProps.put(StreamsConfig.DEFAULT_KEY_SERDE_CLASS_CONFIG, Serdes.String().getClass());
        allProps.put(StreamsConfig.DEFAULT_VALUE_SERDE_CLASS_CONFIG, SpecificAvroSerde.class);
        Topology topology = ts.buildTopology(allProps);

        ts.createTopics(allProps);

        final KafkaStreams streams = new KafkaStreams(topology, allProps);
        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

        // Attach shutdown handler to catch Control-C.
        Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread("streams-shutdown-hook") {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                streams.close(Duration.ofSeconds(5));
                latch.countDown();
            }
        });

        try {
            streams.start();
            latch.await();
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            System.exit(1);
        }
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

Implement a ValueJoiner class

For the ValueJoiner class, create the following file at src/main/java/io/confluent/developer/MovieRatingJoiner.java.

When you join two tables in a relational database, by default you get a new table containing all of the columns of the left table plus all of the columns of the right table. When you join a stream and a table, you get a new stream, but you must be explicit about the value of that stream—the combination between the value in the stream and the associated value in the table. The ValueJoiner interface in the Streams API does this work. The single apply() method takes the stream and table values as parameters, and returns the value of the joined stream as output. (Their keys are not a part of the equation, because they are equal by definition and do not change in the result.) As you can see here, this is just a matter of creating a RatedMovie object and populating it with the relevant fields of the input movie and rating.

You can do this in a Java Lambda in the call to the join() method where you’re building the stream topology, but the joining logic may become complex, and breaking it off into its own trivially testable class is a good move.

package io.confluent.developer;

import org.apache.kafka.streams.kstream.ValueJoiner;

import io.confluent.developer.avro.Movie;
import io.confluent.developer.avro.RatedMovie;
import io.confluent.developer.avro.Rating;

public class MovieRatingJoiner implements ValueJoiner<Rating, Movie, RatedMovie> {

  public RatedMovie apply(Rating rating, Movie movie) {
    return RatedMovie.newBuilder()
        .setId(movie.getId())
        .setTitle(movie.getTitle())
        .setReleaseYear(movie.getReleaseYear())
        .setRating(rating.getRating())
        .build();
  }
}

Compile and run the Kafka Streams program

In your terminal, run:

./gradlew shadowJar

Now that you have an uberjar for the Kafka Streams application, you can launch it locally. When you run the following, the prompt won’t return, because the application will run until you exit it. There is always another message to process, so streaming applications don’t exit until you force them.

java -jar build/libs/kstreams-stream-table-join-standalone-0.0.1.jar configuration/dev.properties

Load in some movie reference data

In a new terminal, run:

confluent kafka topic produce movies --value-format avro --schema src/main/avro/movie.avsc

You will be prompted for the Confluent Cloud Schema Registry credentials as shown below, which you can find in the configuration/ccloud.properties configuration file. Look for the configuration parameter basic.auth.user.info, whereby the ":" is the delimiter between the key and secret.

Enter your Schema Registry API key:
Enter your Schema Registry API secret:

When the console producer starts, it will log some messages and hang, waiting for your input. Type in one line at a time and press enter to send it. Each line represents an event. To send all of the events below, paste the following into the prompt and press enter:

{"id": 294, "title": "Die Hard", "release_year": 1988}
{"id": 354, "title": "Tree of Life", "release_year": 2011}
{"id": 782, "title": "A Walk in the Clouds", "release_year": 1995}
{"id": 128, "title": "The Big Lebowski", "release_year": 1998}
{"id": 780, "title": "Super Mario Bros.", "release_year": 1993}

In this case the table data originates from a Kafka topic that was populated by a console producer using ccloud CLI but this doesn’t always have to be the case. You can use Kafka Connect to stream data from a source system (such as a database) into a Kafka topic, which could then be the foundation for a lookup table. For further reading checkout this tutorial on creating a Kafka Streams table from SQLite data using Kafka Connect.

Get ready to observe the rated movies in the output topic

Before you start producing ratings, it’s a good idea to set up the consumer on the output topic. This way, as soon as you produce ratings (and they’re joined to movies), you’ll see the results right away. Run this to get ready to consume the rated movies:

confluent kafka topic consume rated-movies --from-beginning --value-format avro

You won’t see any results until the next step.

Produce some ratings to the input topic

Run the following in a new terminal window. This process is the most fun if you can see this and the previous terminal (which is consuming the rated movies) at the same time. If your terminal program lets you do horizontal split panes, try it that way:

confluent kafka topic produce ratings --value-format avro --schema src/main/avro/rating.avsc

When the producer starts up, copy and paste these lines into the terminal. Try doing them one at a time, observing the results in the consumer terminal:

{"id": 294, "rating": 8.2}
{"id": 294, "rating": 8.5}
{"id": 354, "rating": 9.9}
{"id": 354, "rating": 9.7}
{"id": 782, "rating": 7.8}
{"id": 782, "rating": 7.7}
{"id": 128, "rating": 8.7}
{"id": 128, "rating": 8.4}
{"id": 780, "rating": 2.1}

Speaking of that consumer terminal, these are the results you should see there if you paste in all the movies and ratings as shown in this tutorial:

{"id":294,"title":"Die Hard","release_year":1988,"rating":8.2}
{"id":294,"title":"Die Hard","release_year":1988,"rating":8.5}
{"id":354,"title":"Tree of Life","release_year":2011,"rating":9.9}
{"id":354,"title":"Tree of Life","release_year":2011,"rating":9.7}
{"id":782,"title":"A Walk in the Clouds","release_year":1995,"rating":7.8}
{"id":782,"title":"A Walk in the Clouds","release_year":1995,"rating":7.7}
{"id":128,"title":"The Big Lebowski","release_year":1998,"rating":8.7}
{"id":128,"title":"The Big Lebowski","release_year":1998,"rating":8.4}
{"id":780,"title":"Super Mario Bros.","release_year":1993,"rating":2.1}

You have now joined a stream to a table! Well done.

Test the streams topology

Now create the following file at src/test/java/io/confluent/developer/JoinStreamToTableTest.java. Testing a Kafka streams application requires a bit of test harness code, but happily the org.apache.kafka.streams.TopologyTestDriver class makes this much more pleasant that it would otherwise be.

There is only one method in JoinStreamToTableTest annotated with @Test, and that is testJoin(). This method actually runs our Streams topology using the TopologyTestDriver and some mocked data that is set up inside the test method.

package io.confluent.developer;

import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Deserializer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serdes;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.Serializer;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.TestInputTopic;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.TestOutputTopic;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.Topology;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.TopologyTestDriver;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.test.TestRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.streams.StreamsConfig;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

import io.confluent.developer.avro.Movie;
import io.confluent.developer.avro.RatedMovie;
import io.confluent.developer.avro.Rating;
import io.confluent.kafka.streams.serdes.avro.SpecificAvroDeserializer;
import io.confluent.kafka.streams.serdes.avro.SpecificAvroSerializer;
import io.confluent.kafka.streams.serdes.avro.SpecificAvroSerde;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

public class JoinStreamToTableTest {

    private final static String TEST_CONFIG_FILE = "configuration/test.properties";
    private TopologyTestDriver testDriver;

    private SpecificAvroSerializer<Movie> makeMovieSerializer(Properties allProps) {
        SpecificAvroSerializer<Movie> serializer = new SpecificAvroSerializer<>();

        Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
        config.put("schema.registry.url", allProps.getProperty("schema.registry.url"));
        serializer.configure(config, false);

        return serializer;
    }

    private SpecificAvroSerializer<Rating> makeRatingSerializer(Properties allProps) {
        SpecificAvroSerializer<Rating> serializer = new SpecificAvroSerializer<>();

        Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
        config.put("schema.registry.url", allProps.getProperty("schema.registry.url"));
        serializer.configure(config, false);

        return serializer;
    }

    private SpecificAvroDeserializer<RatedMovie> makeRatedMovieDeserializer(Properties allProps) {
        SpecificAvroDeserializer<RatedMovie> deserializer = new SpecificAvroDeserializer<>();

        Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
        config.put("schema.registry.url", allProps.getProperty("schema.registry.url"));
        deserializer.configure(config, false);

        return deserializer;
    }

    private List<RatedMovie> readOutputTopic(TopologyTestDriver testDriver,
                                             String topic,
                                             Deserializer<String> keyDeserializer,
                                             SpecificAvroDeserializer<RatedMovie> makeRatedMovieDeserializer) {
        List<RatedMovie> results = new ArrayList<>();
        final TestOutputTopic<String, RatedMovie>
            testOutputTopic =
            testDriver.createOutputTopic(topic, keyDeserializer, makeRatedMovieDeserializer);
        testOutputTopic
            .readKeyValuesToList()
            .forEach(record -> {
                         if (record != null) {
                             results.add(record.value);
                         }
                     }
            );
        return results;
    }

    @Test
    public void testJoin() throws IOException {
        JoinStreamToTable jst = new JoinStreamToTable();
        Properties allProps = jst.loadEnvProperties(TEST_CONFIG_FILE);

        String tableTopic = allProps.getProperty("movie.topic.name");
        String streamTopic = allProps.getProperty("rating.topic.name");
        String outputTopic = allProps.getProperty("rated.movies.topic.name");
        allProps.put(StreamsConfig.DEFAULT_KEY_SERDE_CLASS_CONFIG, Serdes.String().getClass());
        allProps.put(StreamsConfig.DEFAULT_VALUE_SERDE_CLASS_CONFIG, SpecificAvroSerde.class);

        Topology topology = jst.buildTopology(allProps);
        testDriver = new TopologyTestDriver(topology, allProps);

        Serializer<String> keySerializer = Serdes.String().serializer();
        SpecificAvroSerializer<Movie> movieSerializer = makeMovieSerializer(allProps);
        SpecificAvroSerializer<Rating> ratingSerializer = makeRatingSerializer(allProps);

        Deserializer<String> stringDeserializer = Serdes.String().deserializer();
        SpecificAvroDeserializer<RatedMovie> valueDeserializer = makeRatedMovieDeserializer(allProps);

        List<Movie> movies = new ArrayList<>();
        movies.add(Movie.newBuilder().setId(294).setTitle("Die Hard").setReleaseYear(1988).build());
        movies.add(Movie.newBuilder().setId(354).setTitle("Tree of Life").setReleaseYear(2011).build());
        movies.add(Movie.newBuilder().setId(782).setTitle("A Walk in the Clouds").setReleaseYear(1998).build());
        movies.add(Movie.newBuilder().setId(128).setTitle("The Big Lebowski").setReleaseYear(1998).build());
        movies.add(Movie.newBuilder().setId(780).setTitle("Super Mario Bros.").setReleaseYear(1993).build());

        List<Rating> ratings = new ArrayList<>();
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(294).setRating(8.2).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(294).setRating(8.5).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(354).setRating(9.9).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(354).setRating(9.7).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(782).setRating(7.8).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(782).setRating(7.7).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(128).setRating(8.7).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(128).setRating(8.4).build());
        ratings.add(Rating.newBuilder().setId(780).setRating(2.1).build());

        List<RatedMovie> ratedMovies = new ArrayList<>();
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setTitle("Die Hard").setId(294).setReleaseYear(1988).setRating(8.2).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setTitle("Die Hard").setId(294).setReleaseYear(1988).setRating(8.5).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setTitle("Tree of Life").setId(354).setReleaseYear(2011).setRating(9.9).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setTitle("Tree of Life").setId(354).setReleaseYear(2011).setRating(9.7).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setId(782).setTitle("A Walk in the Clouds").setReleaseYear(1998).setRating(7.8).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setId(782).setTitle("A Walk in the Clouds").setReleaseYear(1998).setRating(7.7).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setId(128).setTitle("The Big Lebowski").setReleaseYear(1998).setRating(8.7).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setId(128).setTitle("The Big Lebowski").setReleaseYear(1998).setRating(8.4).build());
        ratedMovies.add(RatedMovie.newBuilder().setId(780).setTitle("Super Mario Bros.").setReleaseYear(1993).setRating(2.1).build());

        final TestInputTopic<String, Movie>
            movieTestInputTopic = testDriver.createInputTopic(tableTopic, keySerializer, movieSerializer);

        for (Movie movie : movies) {
            movieTestInputTopic.pipeInput(String.valueOf(movie.getId()), movie);
        }

        final TestInputTopic<String, Rating>
            ratingTestInputTopic =
            testDriver.createInputTopic(streamTopic, keySerializer, ratingSerializer);
        for (Rating rating : ratings) {
            ratingTestInputTopic.pipeInput(String.valueOf(rating.getId()), rating);
        }

        List<RatedMovie> actualOutput = readOutputTopic(testDriver, outputTopic, stringDeserializer, valueDeserializer);

        assertEquals(ratedMovies, actualOutput);
    }

    @After
    public void cleanup() {
        testDriver.close();
    }

}

How to join a stream and a lookup table

Question:

Example use case:

Hands-on code example:

Short Answer

Run it

Initialize the project

Provision your Kafka cluster

Write the cluster information into a local file

Download and setup the Confluent CLI

Configure the project

Update the properties file with Confluent Cloud information

Create a schema for the events

Create the Kafka Streams topology

Implement a ValueJoiner class

Compile and run the Kafka Streams program

Load in some movie reference data

Get ready to observe the rated movies in the output topic

Produce some ratings to the input topic

Teardown Confluent Cloud resources

Test it

Create a test configuration file

Test the MovieRatingJoiner class

Test the streams topology

Invoke the tests

Take it to production

Create a production configuration file

Build a Docker image

Launch the container